Fuel pressure-feed system



K L. R. BUCKENDALE FUEL PRESSURE FEED SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 14. 1919.

Patented. F61). 21, 1922.

5 sHEErs-SHEET 1.

L. R. BUCKENDALE. FUEL PRESSURE FEED SYSTEM.

APPulcATloN FILED ocT. x4. 1919. 1,407,374, Patented Feb. 2H, 1922.

H ND PUMP Fan L. R. BUCKENDALE.

FUEL PRESSURE FEED SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. I4, |919.

Patntea' Feb. 21, 1922.

' 5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

war/11262 L. R.-BUCKLNDALE. FUEL PRESSURE FEED SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED ocT L4, 19,19.

` Patented Feb. 2l, 1922.

uLAr/NGY l ly".LLM" lmggllii ILE 'i 'Il L INU shams-susan.

L( R. BUCKENDALE. EUEL PRESSURE FEED SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED OT-14, I9|9 Monate:

no 'si'.lirlzzsv Aiii R; 'BUCKENDALE, OF THE UNITED STATiES ARMY, ASSIG'NOR TU NEWTON i n BAKEB".SECRETAR'Yv 0F WR, TRUSTEE.

FUEL PRESSURE-FEED SYSTEIE.

"l 1 n (FILED UNDER 'runner or MARCH 3`, 1883,A 2z STAT. L., 625.)

To all vwhom it my/tconcern: y

Be it known that I, LAWRENCE R. BUC-K- ENDALE, captain, Ordnance Department,'

United States Army, a citizen of the United States, stationed at Detroit, Mich., have in'- vented an Improvement in Fuel Pressurefthe fuel supply tank to the carbureter of an engine at a predetermined uniform pressure,

fply tan r must be placed a considerable dis- Feed Systems, of which' the following is a specification.

The invention described herein may be used by the Government', or any of its officers or employees in` prosecution of work for the Government, or by any other person in the United States, without 'payment `of any royalty thereon. j

This invention relateslto` a fuel pressurefeed system for motor driven vehicles, espe-- cially adapted for use on tractors and ,tanks or other machines, wherein the fall` from the tfuel supply-tank to the carbureter is greatly varied,during the operation of the machine.

.- The object is to provide means wherebyv gasoline .or other liquid fuel may be fed from regardless of the relative position ofthese parts to each other. u

PIt has been found yin motor driven vehiclesof' eat length, and where the fuel 'suptance from themotor, that a, variation of fourteen 'feet\ or morein the fall from the fuel tank tothe motor is the result whenfth'e vehicle is traveling over very uneven ground; and it has also been found. in cases where the vehicle is of great weight and the motor is of high power requiring a considerable fuel supply, ,that the vacuum feeds in general use are not satisfactory. Again the ad- Iprts of the present inven' more expeditiously perjustment of the tion is very muc formed than is possiblein a vacuumgsystem, and the operation of this -form-offedi's not "impaired by deterioration, as by wear, of av part of the motor,'as' isV the case when the suction .inf the cylinder vis depended on to,v` 'create the vacuum and feed ther fuel.,

'y It is the object, therefore, to provide means that may be readily adjusted to meet a variet of conditions and as faras possible eliminate the element of gravity and that does not depend on rapidly deteriorating Fig. 1 is a plan view of the improved fuelf pressure feed system Fig. Q is a side elevation of the partsl .shown inFig.1;'

y Patentes een. ai, ieee.' Appiieation mea umher.' 14, 191s. serial no. 330,673.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged elevation of the pressure tubing adjacent to bthelpressu're gages andthe hand pump forstarting pressure;

f-Fig. 4 is an enlarged plan view of the cluster of fuel supply tubing, adjacent to the combination tap; Y

-A Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical section of the pressure regulating tank showing the air and fuel inlets and the fuel outlet;

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on line 8 8 of Fig. 5, showing the air 4inlet to the regulatingtank and its branch\pipe for connection with one of the pressure gages;.`

Fig. 7 is an enlarged elevation of the combbination tap Fig. 8 is a bottom plan viewy of the combination tap as shown in Fig. 7 Fig. 9 is a vertical section on of Fig. 7

,Fig. 10 is a vertical longitudinal section une 1.1-11

of` the illing end of one of the fuel vsupply tanks showing the' fuel strainer and some of 85 "Fig 11 is a verticaltransverse section on the bafie plates;

line'13-13 of Fig. 10; L s Fig. 12 is an enlarged plan view of the fuel supply^taik filler cap and flange, and its air inlet and fuel outletconnections; and

Fig; 13 is a vertical section on line 15p-15 of Fig. 12 l"showing the filler strainer of three.

layers of gauze, and the upper end of the fuel outlet pipe.

Referring to` the drawings, the fuel pressureifeed system'-l consists of: a sealed fuel z supply reservoir; pressure generatmg means connected withthe supply reservoir,.and a pressure gage; tubing connectingl the fuel supplyl and aregulating medium, which supliessthe carbureter of the motor; means or supplying pressure to the regulating meinstance, three separate reservoirs, indicated 25, which pass through alining openings in' ydaim which is 'also at A, B, (C, each provided (see Figs. 10,11,12, and 13) with vertical and horizontal baffle plates 21-21 to prevent splash ofthe fuel.

Each supply reservoir is provided with a filling opening in its top plate alined with which is the bore of an internally threaded lling-member 27 having a lateral, circumferential flange 22 encircling the opening and bearing against the inner face of the top plate to which it is secured by screw bolts said fiange, thetop plate, and a washer 24 seated on the outer' face of the top plate.

Registering with the bore of said filling member 27 1s the bore ofa second filling member 30 having a lateral circumferential flange 23 disposedfon'the washer 24 and there secured, as by tap-bolts 26.

Communicatin with the filling-member y27 is a fuel stra1ner'28, lpreferably consistinvr of a tube 29,'made up of three or more thicknesses'of screen of the desired mesh closed at its lower end by a cap' 28. In filling the reservoir, the( fuel is` admitted to the reservoir through the strainer 28, which is 'secured in position by .a screwcoupling 28a screwed into the filling mem.- ber 27.

Passage through the filling-members 27 and 3 0-1s normally closed by a screw cap 31, screwed into the upper part of the mem-- ber 30. Communicating with the bore of said member 30, at Va point beneath the vcap is an air inlet opening l32 in which is secured one end of an air ressure inlet tube 33.

Extending through t e filling-member 30, is a fuel butlet passage 34, havmg mounted therein, and extending into the supply-reservoir to approximately its lowest portion, aV

fuel outlet pipe 35. 'Said passage 34 has near itsupper end, whichis sealed by a plug 36, a fuel outlet opening 37 in whichis secured one end of a fuel outlet tibeg38.

The fuelfsup ly reservoirs and their caps are as above. escribed, and may be used singlyor in a battery, ascshown', when the capacity of one is insufficient, r for ot er reasons the distribution of the fuel int'oa number of containers is found advisable.

The airinlet tube 33 and the fuel outlettube 38, as above described 'are `connected, at

'their opposite ends, with the lower and upper passages,-v respectively, of'a. combination-4 tap 39 (see Figures 7, 8, and- 9).

The combination tap 39 `is provided with three cut-off valves, each controlling the air pressure to, and the fuel discharge from one of the supply reservoirs, said valves and passages for the air pressure and fuel, being so arranged as to be closedor opened at the same time by the operation of the valve.

By reference to Figs. 7, 8 and 9 of the y ldrawings it will be seen that the combination tap 39, is preferably a ycasting l40, having a series of air passages 41, tapped at 42,

for the reception ofthe ends of the air pressure tubes 33, in communication with the supply reservoirs A, B, and C, (see Fig. 1).

`rfhe combination tap is also provided withl Secured to t e combination tap 39, and in communication with the passages 41, are air pressure tubes 46, provided with check valves 47. Said tubes are connected with the pressure pump \48' as shown at 49-50 and 51 to provide ressure in the supply reservoirs A-B an rC respectively. The

pressure tubing 46 land pressure pump are also in communication with pressure gage tubing 52, leading to pressure gages 53--54-55 which indicate the pressure in the reservoirs A, B, andC respectively.

The pressure generator 48 may be operated by belt 56 operating. over pulleys 57 and 58 on the pump shaft 59and engine shaft 60 respectively (see Fig. 2), to maintain the required pressure in the supply reservoirs while the motor isrunning.; but to provide the initial pressure in the reservoirs for feeding the fuel to the motor after it has beenstanding and the pressure has escaped from th reservoirs, a hand pump 6l (see Figs. 2 and 3) is connected through tube 62 with pressure gage 53 and back through a tube 52 to reservoir A. Branch tubes '63 and 64 connect with tubing 62 and with pressure gages 54 and 55 and back through tubes 52 to reservoirs B and Crespectively.

Cut-olf valves 62a are provided 1n the tubes 62-63 and A64 to directthe pressureinto the' desired'A reservoir and to cut out Y l' the hand pump after the motor drivenpressure generator begins to operate.;

' 125 Connected with a fourth inlet or outlet of the motor driven pressure generator 48 is a 'pressure tube` 65 (see Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6) which is connected with the regulating tank 66 through four-way connection 67, and.

" .connected through check-valves 7 3-74-75 y system Which provides means for generating the necessaryl initial pressure for starting, av

generator for providing and maintaining `pressure While the motor is running for lifting or transferringthe contents of the supply reservoir to the regulating tank and also from said tank to the carbureter, and indi-j `eating to the operator by 'gages the pressure in said containers.

The fuel supply tubing shown in full lines in Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 8, consists of the fuel outlettubes 38 connecting the fuel supply reservoirs 2() and the combination tap 89, and a fuel tube 70, having branches 7l and 72 all and passages 43 inthe combination tap, with reservoirs A, B, and Cfas described.

The fuel tube 70 conveys the fuel to. the regulating tank V66, and is provided Within said tank with a valve 76 provided with a spider guide 77 operating in-a sleeve 78 of 'a valve seat and pocket member 79.A Said Y valve 76 is provided with a stem 80, connected with one arm of a bell-crank 8l, inthe other arm vof which is mounted the stem' 82 l Vof a float SEQ/adapted to control the depth of liquid'fuel in the regulator tank by opening and closing said valve to admit or cut ofil the inlet of fuel and maintainv the desired amount of fuel-irrespective of the amount discharged. J

From the lowermost part-ofthe regulating tank, the carbureter-supply tubes, extend to the carbureters 85-85,` and thence the fuel mixture is taken into the engine (not shovvn). The supply of fuel through either of the tubes 84-84 may be cut'off by valves 86-86. Tvvo carbureters arel shown merely for illustrative` purposes it being obvious that one carbureter only may be used.

By reference to Fig. 5 it will be noted that fuely outlet 87 of the regulator tank is located at its lowest point andethat the fuel inlet is also located as near the bottom of the v tank as is possible, but on the other hand the air inlet is located, at the extreme top or as near thereto as isl possible, and-finally that l the levelof the .fuel maintained by `the oat ico ,motora -voir and opening one of the others;

` To this end a'type of air pump is used in Whichthe unit connected'to the regulating v tank 66 gives a maximumair pressure less v than the maximum air pressure maintained by the remaining vunits of the pump in the air compressor that is equipped vvith apres- -70 tanks A, B, and C. Any preferred form of i sure releasing or `adjusting means maybe used.

The operation of the above describedI fuel feed is as follows; the reservoirs 20 are first filled with fuel and the reservoir from which the fuel is'to be fed to the engine determined, by opening thel cock 45 in the combination' tap that communicates with said reservoir. The cut-off valve 62?l in the pressure tube leading from the hand ump tothe selected supply reservoir s then pened and the hand pump operated to create the necessary pressure in the reservoir to force the fuel through its fuel tubing to the regulating tank and bring the level of fuel thereinup until the float 83 closes -valve 76 and prohibits further transfer of fuel.v FWhen the gage connected with the reservoir from which the fuel is to be draw-n, indicates the proper pressure, the hand pumping is discontinued, and the fuel supply is ready for starting the When the motor is started the pressure pump 48 is operated and the desired pressure maintained in the' reservoir by said motor operated pump, through one of the tubes 46.

^ t was thought originally that the variation in feed due, to difference in fall from the supplyreservoir -to the motor would be eliminated by placingthe reg-ulatOrimmediately above the motor and feeding the fuel therefrom by gravity tothe carbureters,

but owing, in many instancesg'to lackiof head-roomd above the motor to provide the desired fall, it Was found desirable to addl more'or. less pressure in the regulating tank, to overcome the lack of sufficient fall re-A` jquired to4 feed the fuelproperly, and there.

fore a unit Was added to the'Well known form of pump shown, ,Which Iis connected through .tube 65 With the regulating tank.

As shown the supply reservoirs A, B, and C are entirely distinct, each being connected through the combination tap and each being provided With pressure tubing, as Well as separate fuel connections with the combi. nation tap, to permit the instantaneous shifting of fuel supply from'one reservoir to another, by sirnply closing the. combination valve controlling-the supply from one re'je above Would be necessary should a leakdevelop in the reservoir in use, the same being mayL arise requiring the change from one to another of the reservoirs.

Having described my invention, what indicated on the gage by an abnormal're- .duction in. pressure, and in fact many causes claim as neW and desire toi/secure by Letters 1. A lfuel feed for internal combustion v en 'nes consisting of a fuel supply reservoir,

a uel regulator tank, an air pump adapt-l ed to force the fuel from the reservoir to thev regulator, and means for lsimultaneously cutting off the inlet of air to and'outlet of ,fuel from the reservoir.

2. A fuel feed for 'internal combustion engines, consisting of a fuel supply reservoir having an air inlet and afuel outlet,

'a regular tank to receive the fuel from the reservoir having a fluid pressure inlet and a fuel outlet, a fluid pressure controlled regulatorhaving a fluid pressure inlet and a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet, a fluid pressure generator connected with the inlet of the reservoir and with the-pressure inlet of the regulator, auxiliary pressure generating means for generating pressure inthe reser- `voir in starting and means for indicating engines, consisting of a plurality of supply the pressure in the reservoir and in theregulator.

- 4. A fuel feed for internal combustion lfreservoirs, a regulator, a. combination tap controlling the flow of fuel from the reservoirs, and pressure generating means connected with the reservoirs and the regula@ tor. v

5. A. fuel feed for internal combustion engines, consisting' of a plurality of supply reservoirs, a regulator, 'means for controlling the loWof fuel from the reservoirs to the regulator and pressure Ameans vfor feed-- ing the fuel from ,the reservoir to the regulator'and, from the regulator to the engine.

6. A fuel feed for internal combustion engines, consisting of a plurality of fuel reservoirs having fuel outlets, a regulator common to all of the reservoirs, a fluid pressure generator connected With the reservoirs and the regulator,and means for simultaneously closing the flow of fiuid pressure' tovand the Vfuel from any one of the reservoirs.

7. fuel feed for internalcombustion engines consisting of a fuel supply reservoir,--

`pressurelA in said regulator thereby feeding the 'fuel from said reservoir'to said regulator and from said re lator to the engine.

8. A fuel 'feed for lnternal combustion en-z gines including a fuel supply reservoir, auxiliary fuel sup ly means situatedat the.

engine for suppl ing fuel under pressure thereto'and"i1eans for supplying fluidpres'- sure to the reservoir and a less degree of fluid pressureto the auxiliary'supply/ LAWRENCE RBUCKEIDALE. 

